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| How
to read Panchanga |
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| Here
we make an attempt to describe the complex system
of reading a panchanga for the benefit of a lay
person and a novice. We do not claim that the
following description is technically correct,
as scholars would expect. This is intended to
give a fair idea about reading a panchanga for
the day-to-day needs. |
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| Tithi,
Waar, Nakshatra, Yoga and Karana are the vital
among the several parameters of time measuring.
The publication that describes these five parameters
together is called panchanga. These five parameters
are presented in the same order in any panchanga.
Span of each of these parameters is different,
so is beginning and ending of each of them. |
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| Following
is the method to read the panchanga for a particular
day: |
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| A
typical page of the panchanga has the first horizontal
row which gives shaka, samvatsara name, chaandra
maasa, paksha (viz. shukla, the waxing phase of
moon or krishna, the waning phase of moon), the
particular Gregorian month and year, the Hizari
year, Samvat year and the Parsi year. Second row
has headings for the respective columns, which
include tithi. Waar. Ending time of the tithi.
Nakshatra, the constellation close to the Moon.
Ending time of the Nakshatra (the time when the
moon leaves the particular constellation. Yoga
(a relatively complex parameter linked to positions
of Sun and Moon). Ending time of yoga. Karana
(the half portion of a tithi). Ending time of
karana. Dinamaana, the time span between sunrise
and sunset. Hizari year date. Sun rise. Sun set.
Time of the moon entering a particular zodiac
sign and the Gregorian date. |
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| The
next column in the same row contains raatrimaana
(the gap between sunset and sunrise) of the last
day of the relevant fortnight, the ayanansh, name
of the prevailing ayana and ritu (season). Note:
The panchangas measure the day continuously from
a sunrise to another sunrise. That is, if the
day begins with the sunrise at 06:20 hours, the
time is measured continuously upto the next sun
rise which may go beyond 24 hours’ count. So whenever
one comes across the timing like 29:33 hours in
the panchanga, just deduct 24 from it to get the
next morning timing viz. 5:33 hours in this case.
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